Apa style manual plagiarism

The two types of APA style referencing are:. In-text citations are brief references in the text of the manuscript that direct readers to the reference entry at the end of the paper. APA references generally include information about the author , publication date, title, and source.

The year in which the book was published should follow in brackets and the title of the book should be underlined. The edition of the book should also be in brackets and the city and name of the publisher should also be included. If there are several authors, an ampersand should be used to conclude the list. Wickens, C. Psychology Press. The article title should not be in quotation marks.

Words that should have their first letter capitalized in the title include the first word, any proper nouns and the first word following a colon. The journal name and the volume are italicized. The issue number is presented in brackets immediately after the volume. The page numbers of the article are given at the end of the reference.

Davis, K. Intersectionality as buzzword: A sociology of science perspective on what makes a feminist theory successful. Feminist Theory, 9 1 , When the information originates in a government report , the author and year are reported as before. The title of the report should be typed in italics and the report number placed in parentheses.

The website from which the report was obtained should conclude the reference. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau. Who Votes? Online videos can also be cited using the APA Style guide.

Emergency Awesome. Gotham season 2 preview: Batman villains rise [Video file]. When data is obtained from a website , the in-text citation would simply be the web address.

In specific circumstances, authors may wish to duplicate their previously used words without quotation marks or citation e. When the duplicated material is limited in scope, this approach is permissible. General guidelines for using an acceptable amount of duplicated material are in the Publication Manual in Sections 1. An exception to the prohibition against self-plagiarism is publishing a work of limited circulation in a venue of wider circulation.

In such cases, authors would not cite their dissertation or thesis in the article text but rather acknowledge in the author note that the work was based on their dissertation or thesis. Similarly, an article based on research the authors described in an abstract published in a conference program or proceeding does not usually constitute duplicate publication.

Seek clarification from your journal editor or course instructor if you are concerned about duplicate publication or self-plagiarism. Self-plagiarism Self-plagiarism is the presentation of your own previously published work as original; like plagiarism, self-plagiarism is unethical. Exceptions An exception to the prohibition against self-plagiarism is publishing a work of limited circulation in a venue of wider circulation.

Last updated: December Date created: September In scholarly writing, it is essential to acknowledge how others contributed to your work. By following the principles of proper citation, writers ensure that readers understand their contribution in the context of the existing literature—how they are building on, critically examining, or otherwise engaging the work that has come before.

APA Style provides guidelines to help writers determine the appropriate level of citation and how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism. We also provide specific guidance for in-text citation, including formats for interviews, classroom and intranet sources, and personal communications; in-text citations in general; and paraphrases and direct quotations.

Basic Principles.